EX-RAIL Detailed Reference

This is a detailed reference. For a summary version, please see EX-RAIL Command Summary.

EX-CommandStation Provides full automation and accessory control through the Extended Railroad Automation Instruction Language (EX-RAIL). First, make sure you have the latest release of the EX-CommandStation Firmware.

Notes 

COMMANDS are case sensitive. i.e. they must be in uppercase. Text parameters you provide (aliases, descriptions) are not
AUTOMATION, ROUTE, and SEQUENCE use the same ID number space, so a FOLLOW(n) command can be used for any of them
Sensors and outputs used by AT/AFTER/SET/RESET/LATCH/UNLATCH/SERVO/IF/IFNOT refer directly to Arduino pins, and those handled by I²C expansion (as virtual pins or vpins)
Signals also refer directly to pins, and the signal ID (for RED/AMBER/GREEN) is always the same as the RED signal pin
It’s OK to use sensor IDs that have no physical item in the layout. These can only be LATCHed, tested (IF/IFNOT), or UNLATCHed in the scripts. If a sensor is latched by the script, it can only be unlatched by the script… so AT(35) LATCH(35) for example, effectively latches sensor 35 on when detected once
All IDs used in commands and functions will be numbers, or an ALIAS name if configured
Most IDs simply need to be unique, however RESERVE/FREE and LATCH/UNLATCH must be in the range 0 - 255

Note

There are four uses of ID numbers in EX-RAIL:

AUTOMATION, ROUTE, and SEQUENCE IDs
Turnout/Point IDs
Pin IDs - Includes physical pins on the CommandStation, virtual pins (Vpins) on I/O expander modules, and virtual pins that have no physical presence
Virtual block IDs as used in RESERVE/FREE

Therefore, you can have an AUTOMATION, a turnout/point, a Vpin, and a virtual block all defined with the same ID without issue as these will not relate to each other. This is probably a great reason to consider aliases to avoid confusion.

Conventions used on this page 

CAPITALISED words - These are EX-RAIL commands and are case sensitive
lowercase words within () - These are EX-RAIL parameters that must be provided, with multiple parameters separated by a comma “,”, for example SEQUENCE(id) or DELAYRANDOM(min_delay, max_delay)
Quoted “text” - Text within quote marks “” are used as descriptions, and must include the quote characters, for example ROUTE(id, “description”) becomes ROUTE(1, “This is the route description”)
Square brackets [] - Parameters within square brackets [] are optional and may be ommitted. If specifying these parameters, do not include the square brackets themselves, for example ALIAS(name[, value]) becomes ALIAS(MY_ALIAS) or ALIAS(MY_ALIAS, 3)
| - Use of the | character means you need to provide one of the provided options only, for example <D POWER ON|OFF> becomes either <D POWER ON> or <D POWER OFF>

Interactive diagnostics and control 

There are some diagnostic and control commands added to the <tag> language normally used to control the Command Station over USB, WiFi, or Ethernet.

These can be used in the same manner as other CommandStation directives to interact with EX-RAIL sequences and objects once they have been defined in myAutomation.h and are uploaded to the CommandStation.

EX-RAIL

<D EXRAIL ON|OFF> When the CommandStation is connected to a serial monitor, EX-RAIL script logging can be turned on or off (Enabled or Disabled).

Example output from Point to Point Shuttle running SEQUENCE(13) with loco ID 18:

<D EXRAIL ON>
<p1 MAIN>
PPA1
<1 18 0 178 0>
<* EXRAIL Sensor 42 hit *>
<* EXRAIL Sensor 42 hit *>
<* EXRAIL drive 18 0 1 *>
<1 18 0 128 0>
<* EXRAIL drive 18 20 0 *>
<1 18 0 20 0>
<* EXRAIL Sensor 41 hit *>
<* EXRAIL Sensor 41 hit *>
<* EXRAIL drive 18 0 0 *>
<1 18 0 0 0>
<* EXRAIL begin(13) *>
<* EXRAIL begin(13) *>
<* EXRAIL drive 18 50 1 *>
<1 18 0 178 0>

PAUSE/RESUME

</PAUSE> Pauses ALL EX-RAIL automation activities, including sending an E-STOP to all locos.

</RESUME> Resumes ALL EX-RAIL automation activities, and resumes all locos at the same speed at which they were paused.

Task info

</> Displays EX-RAIL running task information

Example outputs also using Point to Point Shuttle:

Leaving right side of the shuttle sequence with speed 50F (forward):

</>
<1 18 0 178 0>
<* EXRAIL STATUS
ID=0,PC=12,LOCO=0 ,SPEED=0F
ID=1,PC=12,LOCO=18 ,SPEED=50F *>

ROUTES

</ ROUTES> Returns the Routes & Automations control list in wiThrottle Protocol format.

Example output:

</ROUTES PRT]\[Routes}|{Route]\[Set}|{2]\[Handoff}|{4
PRL]\[R1}|{Example 1: Coal Yard exit}|{2]\[A4}|{Example 4: Round in circles}|{4]\[A5}|{Example 5: Round in circles}|{4>

START/KILL

</ START [loco_addr] route_id> Starts a new task to send a loco onto a Route, or activate a non-loco Animation or Sequence

</ KILL task_id> Kills a currently running script task by ID (use to list task IDs)

RESERVE/FREE

</ RESERVE block_id> Manually reserves a virtual track Block, valid IDs are in the range 0 - 255.

</ FREE block_id> Manually frees a virtual track Block, valid IDs are in the range 0 - 255.

LATCH/UNLATCH

</ LATCH sensor_id> Lock sensor ON, preventing external influence, valid IDs are in the range 0 - 255.

</ UNLATCH sensor_id> Unlock sensor, returning to current external state, valid IDs are in the range 0 - 255.

Refer to the LATCH/UNLATCH commands in the Sensors/inputs section below for further details.

Routes, automations, and sequences 

EX-RAIL provides many commands to allow you to create automated sequences and routes that locomotives can follow that may involve turnouts/points, signals, etc. that can be automatically set to react when the loco trips a sensor.

Script Definition Terms

There are three options to define these automation sequences:

AUTOMATION( id, "description" ) Define an automation sequence that is advertised to WiThrottles to send a train along. See Stopping at a Station (simple loop) for a simple example.

ROUTE( id, "description" ) Define a route that is advertised to WiThrottles. This can be used to initiate automation sequences such as setting turnouts/points and signals to allow a train to be driven through a specific route on the layout. See Creating Routes for various examples.

SEQUENCE( id ) A general purpose automation sequence that is not advertised to WiThrottles. This may be triggered automatically on startup, or be called by other sequences or activites. See Automating various non-track items, Point to Point Shuttle, and Multiple inter-connected trains for further examples.

ENDTASK or DONE Completes a Sequence/Route/Animation/Event handler, and any other automation definition as shown in the various examples on this page and elsewhere in the EX-RAIL documentation.

Conditional statements 

There is quite a variety of conditional statements available to influence activities based on the states of sensors, signals, turnouts/points, and other items.

All conditional activities must be terminated with an ENDIF statement, and may optionally include an ELSE statement.

If a conditional statement is part of an automation sequence, the sequence still needs to be terminated with a DONE statement.

ELSE Provides alternative logic to any IF related command returning False.

ENDIF Required to end an IF/IFNOT/etc. (Used in all IF.. functions).

Aliases 

ALIAS( name[, value] ) Aliases assigns names to values. They can go anywhere in the script. If a value is not assigned, a unique ID will be assigned based on the alias “name” text.

This is a simple substitution that lets you have readable names for things in your script. For example, instead of having to remember the VPin a turnout/point is connected to, give the pin number an alias and refer to it by that name. You can use this to name routes, values, pin numbers, or anything you need.

If you simply need a unique identifier for an object used internally to the script, such as a turnout/point, route, automation, or sequence, you don’t even need to provide an ID, EX-RAIL will generate one automatically when you omit the value parameter. We recommend using this for all your routes, sequences, and other internal objects so you don’t have to try to remember or keep a list of numbers you’ve used. This also prevents you from assigning the same number to more than one object.

REMEMBER: IDs for RESERVE/FREE, LATCH/UNLATCH, and pins must be explicitly defined.

To put this another way, if you connect an LED to pin 23 and want to turn it on and off, you have to explicitly set its pin number, so ALIAS(TOWER_LED, 23) lets you equate “23” to TOWER_LED. But if you created a route to run your train around an oval, you don’t really need to set the number or even know it. Just use ALIAS(OVAL) and let EX assign a number internally. If you ever wanted to know what number it assigns, you can enter <? OVAL> from the serial monitor with the Command Station running and it will tell you next to “Opcode=”. Since this “hash”, as it is called, is generated by the alias name word, it is always unique and always the same for that word even if you have not created the alias yet. Fun fact, “OVAL” will always equal 27500.

Alias naming rules:

Must not be an existing EX-RAIL command name or other reserved word.
Should be reasonably short but descriptive.
Must start with letters A-Z, a-z, or underscore _ (case sensitive!).
May then also contain numbers.
Must not contain spaces or special characters.

Examples:

Defining a pin turnout/point without an alias:

PIN_TURNOUT(1, 25, "Coal Yard")

Defining a pin turnout/point with aliases:

ALIAS(COAL_YARD)
ALIAS(COAL_YARD_PIN, 25)
PIN_TURNOUT(COAL_YARD, COAL_YARD_PIN, "Coal Yard")

Note that you could have used the command ALIAS(COAL_YARD, 1) in the example above to explicity set the number, but unless you have a reason to use specific numbers, let the Command Station do it for you.

In this simple example, aliases seem like overkill, however consider the case where you need to have the “Coal Yard” turnout/point closed or thrown in various different automation sequences, and you will soon see why it’s easier to understand you’re throwing the COAL_YARD turnout/point rather than turnout/point ID 12345.

Signals 

SIGNAL( red_pin, amber_pin, green_pin ) Define a pin based signal, which requires three active low pins to be defined to correspond with red, amber, and green lights.

SIGNALH( red_pin, amber_pin, green_pin ) As above to define a pin based signal, but with active high pins instead.

For both the SIGNAL/SIGNALH commands, signal colour is set using the pin defined for the red pin. If the signal only has two colours (eg. RED/GREEN), set the unused colour’s pin to 0.

SERVO_SIGNAL( vpin, red_pos, amber_pos, green_pos ) Define a servo based signal, such as semaphore signals. Each position is an angle to turn the servo to, similar to the SERVO/SERVO2 commands, and SERVO_TURNOUT.

IFRED( signal_id ) Test if signal is red.

IFAMBER( signal_id ) Test if signal is amber.

IFGREEN( signal_id ) Test if signal is green.

Signal examples:

SIGNAL(25, 26, 27)                // Active low red/amber/green signal using pins 25/26/27 directly on the CommandStation.
SIGNALH(164 ,0, 165)              // Active high red/green signal using the first two pins of an MCP23017 I/O expander module.
SERVO_SIGNAL(101, 100, 250, 400)  // Servo based signal using the first PCA9685 servo module.

GREEN(25)                         // Sets our active low signal to green.
GREEN(164)                         // Sets our active high signal to green.
GREEN(101)                        // Sets our servo based signal to green.

Turnouts/Points 

All the below turnout/point definitions will define turnouts/points that are advertised to wiThrottle Protocol apps, Engine Driver, and JMRI, unless the HIDDEN keyword is used.

“description” is an optional parameter, and must be enclosed in quotes “”. If you don’t wish this turnout/point to be advertised to throttles, then substitute the word HIDDEN (with no “”) instead of the description.

TURNOUT( id, addr, sub_addr [, "description"] ) Define a DCC accessory turnout/point. Note that DCC linear addresses are not supported, and must be converted to address/subaddress in order to be defined. Refer to the Stationary Decoder Address Table (xlsx Spreadsheet) for help on these conversions. (or see TURNOUTL below).

TURNOUTL( id, addr [, "description"] ) Define a DCC accessory turnout/point This macro will convert a linera address to the address/subaddress format using the TURNOUT command above. Only available from V4.2.42 and above.

Note when providing the name of the profile that the profile names are case sensitive, and must be written exactly as they appear (eg. Bounce, not bounce or BOUNCE).

PIN_TURNOUT( id, pin [, "description"] ) Define a pin operated turnout. When sending a CLOSE command, the pin will be HIGH, and a THROW command will set the pin LOW.

SERVO_TURNOUT( id, pin, active_angle, inactive_angle, profile [, "description"] ) Define a servo turnout/point. “active_angle” is for THROW, “inactive_angle” is for CLOSE, and profile is one of Instant, Fast, Medium, Slow or Bounce (although clearly we don’t recommend Bounce for turnouts/points!). Refer to Connecting a Servo Module for more information.

VIRTUAL_TURNOUT( id [, "description"] ) Define a virtual turnout, which is backed by another automation sequence. For a good example of this refer to Realistic turnout sequences.

IFCLOSED( turnout_id ) Test if a turnout is closed.

IFTHROWN( turnout_id ) Test if a turnout is thrown.

ONCLOSE( turnout_id ) Event handler for when a turnout/point is sent a close command. Note that there can be only one defined ONCLOSE event for a specific turnout/point.

ONTHROW( turnout_id ) Event handler for when a turnout/point is sent a throw command. Note that there can be only one defined ONTHROW event for a specific turnout/point.

Examples:

TURNOUT(100, 26, 0, "Coal Yard")                  // DCC accessory turnout at linear address 101.
PIN_TURNOUT(101, 164, "Switching Yard")           // Pin turnout on an MCP23017 I/O expander module.
SERVO_TURNOUT(102, 102, 400, 100, Slow, HIDDEN)   // A servo turnout on a PCA9685 servo module that is hidden from throttles.
VIRTUAL_TURNOUT(103, "Lumber Yard")               // A virtual turnout which will trigger an automation sequence when CLOSE or THROW is sent.

Sensors/inputs 

AT( sensor_id ) An event handler that defines what to do when a sensor is active/triggered.

AFTER( sensor_id ) An event handler that defines what to do after a sensor has been triggered and then is off for 0.5 seconds.

ATTIMEOUT( sensor_id, timeout_ms ) A time based event handler that defines what to do when a sensor is active/triggered or if the timer runs out, then continues and sets a testable “timed out” flag.

IF( sensor_id ) If sensor activated or latched, continue. Otherwise skip to ELSE or matching ENDIF.

IFNOT( sensor_id ) If sensor NOT activated and NOT latched, continue. Otherwise skip to ELSE or matching ENDIF.

IFTIMEOUT Tests if “timed out” flag has been set by an ATTIMEOUT() sensor reading attempt.

Note that with the sensor commands IF(), IFNOT(), IFTIMEOUT(), AT(), ATTIMEOUT(), and AFTER(), you can use negative values to enable the use of active HIGH sensors.

For example:

AT(40)        // Wait for pin 40 to go low.
AT(-40)       // Wait for pin 40 to go high.

ATGTE( analogpin, value ) Waits for an analog pin to reach the specified value.

ATLT ( analogpin, value ) Waits for an analog pin to go below the specified value.

IFGTE( sensor_id, value ) Test if analog pin reading is greater than or equal to value (>=).

IFLT( sensor_id, value ) Test if analog pin reading is less than value (<).

All the IFGTE(), IFLT(), ATGTE()`and `ATLT() commands read the analog value from an analog input pin (A0 - A5 on an Arduino Mega) or an analog input from an I/O expander module. Valid values are defined by the capability of the analog to digital converter in use.

IFRE ( id, value ) Test if a rotary encoder has been set to the specified value
This feature is not available in the current 'Production' version

Sensor examples:

IF(25)          // If sensor on the Command Station pin 25 is activated, set a signal red, wait 10 seconds, then close a turnout/point.
  RED(101)
  DELAY(10)
  CLOSE(200)
ENDIF

IFNOT(26)       // If sensor on the Command Station pin 26 is not activated, keep our pedestrian crossing light at 102 green, else set it red.
  GREEN(102)
ELSE
  RED(102)
ENDIF

IFGTE(A2, 512)  // If reading the analog input from a photoelectric light sensor exceeds 512, it's bright enough to turn the street lights off.
  RESET(164)
ENDIF

IFLT(A3, 10)   // If current sensing from an analog occupancy detector had dropped below the threshold, turn off our mimic panel light, otherwise turn it on.
  RESET(165)
ELSE
  SET(165)
ENDIF

IFRE(700, 1)  // If a rotary encoder is at position 1, start ROUTE with ID 123
  START(123)
ENDIF

LATCH/UNLATCH can be used to maintain the state of a sensor, or can also be used to trigger a virtual sensor to act as a state flag for EX-RAIL. As this effects the state of a sensor, it can be tested via IF/IFNOT and will also work with AT/AFTER.

LATCH( sensor_id ) Latches a sensor on (Sensors 0-255 only).

UNLATCH( sensor_id ) Remove LATCH on sensor.

In this example, LATCH/UNLATCH is used to toggle between two different activities each time the ROUTE is selected in a WiThrottle:

TURNOUT(17, 30, 1, "Bay to Shed") // DCC turnout/point with linear address 117

ALIAS(BayExitStarter, 107)        // Starter Signal with Route board
ALIAS(ROUTE_TOGGLE, 11)           // State flag to toggle

ROUTE(11, "Bay to Shed")
  IF(ROUTE_TOGGLE)             // If ROUTE_TOGGLE is active, reset the route
    DEACTIVATEL(BayExitStarter)
    DELAY(20)
    CLOSE(17)
    UNLATCH(ROUTE_TOGGLE)           // UNLATCH (Clear) ROUTE_TOGGLE
  ELSE                            // LATCH is not active, so set route and LATCH
    THROW(17)
    DELAY(20)
    ACTIVATEL(BayExitStarter)
    LATCH(ROUTE_TOGGLE)         // LATCH ROUTE_TOGGLE to indicate route set
  ENDIF
DONE

ONCHANGE() is an event handler that can be used to detect if a sensor has changed state. Note this is only in use by the rotary encoder device driver at present.
This feature is not available in the current 'Production' version

ONCHANGE( sensor_id ) Detects a change in state for the specified sensor ID.

ONCHANGE(700)     // If rotary encoder ID 700 change state do this sequence
  IFRE(700, 1)    // If rotary encoder ID 700 is at position 1, start ROUTE ID 123
    START(123)
  ENDIF
  IFRE(700, 2)    // If rotary encoder ID 700 is at position 2, start ROUTE ID 124
    START(124)
  ENDIF
  DONE

Output and servo commands 

SET( pin ) Set an output pin HIGH

RESET( pin ) Reset output pin (set to LOW)

CLOSE( turnout_id ) Close a defined turnout/point

THROW( id ) Throw a defined turnout/point

GREEN( signal_id ) Set a defined signal to GREEN (see SIGNAL)

AMBER( signal_id ) Set a defined signal to Amber. (See SIGNAL)

RED( signal_id ) Set defined signal to Red (See SIGNAL)

FADE( pin, value, ms ) Fade an LED on a servo driver to given value taking given time

LCN( msg ) Send message to LCN Accessory Network

SERVO( id, position, profile ) Move an animation servo. Do NOT use for Turnouts/points. (profile is one of Instant, Fast, Medium, Slow or Bounce)

SERVO2( id, position, duration ) Move an animation servo taking duration in ms. Do NOT use for Turnouts/points

WAITFOR( pin ) The WAITFOR() command instructs EX-RAIL to wait for a servo motion to complete prior to continuing.

A couple of examples:

// First example defines a servo turnout/point for the coal yard and a signal for the main line.
TURNOUT(100, 26, 0, "Coal Yard")
SIGNAL(25, 26, 27)

// When our turnout/point is closed, the main line is open, so the signal is green.
ONCLOSE(100)
  GREEN(25)
DONE

// When our turnout is closed, the main line is interrupted, so the signal is red.
ONTHROW(100)
  RED(25)
DONE

// This example triggers an automation sequence when a DCC accessory decoder is activated, including waiting for SERVO motions to complete.
ONACTIVATEL(100)            // Activating DCC accessory decoder with linear address 100 commences the sequence.
  SERVO(101, 400, Slow)     // Move the first servo and wait.
  WAITFOR(101)
  SERVO(102, 300, Medium)   // Move the second servo and wait.
  WAITFOR(102)
  SET(165)                  // Activate a Vpin to turn an LED on.
  SET(166)                  // Activate a second Vpin to turn a second LED on.
DONE

Flow Control Functions 

CALL( route ) Branch to a separate sequence, which will need to RETURN when complete.

RETURN Return to the calling sequence when completed (no DONE required).

Say, for example, you have an AUTOMATION you initiate the sends a train through your layout with multiple station stops, and you want to do the same things at each station.

You could write a very long AUTOMATION sequence to do this, or you could write the sound SEQUENCE once, then call it at each station:

AUTOMATION(21, "Station loop")    // Our station loop sequence
  FWD(30)
  AT(101)                         // At station 1 entrance sensor, call our sequence
  CALL(22)
  AT(102)                         // At station 2 entrance sensor, call our sequence
  CALL(22)
  AT(103)                         // At station 3 entrance sensor, call our sequence
  CALL(22)
  AT(104)                         // At station 4 entrance sensor, call our sequence
  CALL(22)
  FOLLOW(21)                      // Keep looping through the stations (see FOLLOW command reference below)

SEQUENCE(22, "Station sequence")  // Our station sequence
  FON(2)                         // Blow the horn
  FON(3)                         // Break squeal
  STOP                            // Stop at the station
  FON(4)                         // Let out a hiss from the air breaks for a second
  DELAY(1000)
  FOFF(4)
  DELAYRANDOM(2000, 10000)        // Wait between 2 and 10 seconds for passengers
  FON(2)                         // Blow the horn again
  FWD(30)                         // On our way to the next station
  RETURN                          // Return to the calling sequence

FOLLOW( route ) Branch or Follow a numbered sequence. This lets us do clever things like performing a different sequence depending on whether a turnout/point is CLOSED or THROWN, as well as simple things such as the example above where we keep looping through the same sequence.

For example:

AUTOMATION(23, "Choose your own adventure") // This let's someone control the sequence by throwing a turnout/point (or not)
  FWD(30)
  AFTER(105)
  IFTHROWN(106)
    FOLLOW(24)
  ELSE
    FOLLOW(25)
  ENDIF
  DONE

SEQUENCE(24, "Adventure 1")                 // Quite a boring adventure to stop in a siding after sensor 106 has activated/deactivated
  AFTER(106)
  FON(2)
  FON(3)
  STOP
  DONE

SEQUENCE(25, "Adventure 2")                 // If we don't throw the turnout/point, let's do our station loop from the example above
  FOLLOW(21)

DELAY( delay ) Delay a number of milliseconds

DELAYMINS( delay ) Delay a number of minutes

DELAYRANDOM( min_delay, max_delay ) Delay a random time between min and max milliseconds, see Multiple inter-connected trains for good examples.

Delay examples:

ONCLOSE(102)      // When turnout 102 closed, wait 2 seconds, then set signal 101 green.
  DELAY(2000)
  GREEN(101)
  DONE

AT(123)           // When sensor 123 is activated, set signal 102 red, wait 1 minute, then set signal 102 green.
  RED(102)
  DELAYMINS(1)
  GREEN(102)
  DONE

IFRANDOM( percent ) Runs commands in IF block a random percentage of the time. This is handy for more realism by enabling automations that don’t have to run on a schedule.

AT(165)           // When sensor 165 is activated, set a lineside merry-go-round in action for 1 minute 50% of the time.
  IFRANDOM(50)
    SET(166)
    DELAYMINS(1)
    RESET(166)
  ENDIF
  DONE

Blocks 

RESERVE( block_id ) Reserve a block (0-255). If already reserved, current loco will STOP and script waits for block to become free

FREE( block_id ) Free previously reserved block

IFRESERVE( block ) If block is NOT reserved, reserves it and run commands in IF block. Otherwise, skip to matching ENDIF

Command Station Functions 

POWERON Power on track and UNJOIN (not yet implemented) - this command will be available in a future release of EX-CommandStation
This feature is not available in the current 'Production' version

POWEROFF Power off track
This feature is not available in the current 'Production' version

JOIN Joins PROG and MAIN track outputs to send the same MAIN DCC signal

UNJOIN Disconnect prog track from main

READ_LOCO Read loco ID from prog track

POM( cv, value ) Program CV value on main

LCD( row, msg ) Write message on LCD/OLED if fitted

BROADCAST( msg ) Broadcast to all throttles/JMRI on serial and WiFi

PRINT( msg ) Print diagnostic message to Serial Monitor

SERIAL( msg ) Writes direct to Serial (Serial0/USB)

SERIAL1( msg ) Writes direct to Serial1

SERIAL2( msg ) Wri1tes direct to Seria2

SERIAL3( msg ) Writes direct to Serial3

EX-RAIL Functions 

PAUSE E-STOP all locos and PAUSE all other EX-RAIL tasks until RESUMEd

RESUME Resume all paused tasks, including loco movement

START( sequence_id ) Start a new task to execute a route or sequence

SETLOCO( loco ) Set the loco address for this task

SENDLOCO( cab, route ) Start a new task send a given loco along given route/sequence

AUTOSTART A task is automatically started at this point during startup

DRIVE( analog_pin ) Not complete, DO NOT USE
This feature is not available in the current 'Production' version

ROSTER( cab, name, func_map ) Provide roster info for WiThrottle

Loco DCC Functions 

ESTOP Emergency stop loco

FWD( speed ) Drive loco forward at DCC speed 0-127 (1=ESTOP)

REV( speed ) Drive logo in reverse at DCC speed 0-127 (1=ESTOP)

SPEED( speed ) Drive loco in current direction at DCC speed (0-127)

STOP Set loco speed to 0 (same as SPEED(0) )

FON( func ) Turn on loco function

FOFF( func ) Turn off loco function

INVERT_DIRECTION Switches FWD/REV meaning for this loco

DCC Accessory decoder commands 

ONACTIVATE( addr, sub_addr ) Event handler for 2 part DCC accessory packet value 1

ONACTIVATEL( linear ) Event handler for linear DCC accessory packet value 1

ONDEACTIVATE( addr, sub_addr ) Event handler for 2 part DCC accessory packet value 0

ONDEACTIVATEL( linear ) Event handler for linear DCC accessory packet value 0

ACTIVATE( addr, sub_addr ) Sends a DCC accessory packet with value 1

ACTIVATEL( linear ) Sends a DCC accessory packet with value 1 to a linear address

DEACTIVATE( addr, sub_addr ) Sends a DCC accessory packet with value 0

DEACTIVATEL( addr ) Sends a DCC accessory packet with value 0 to a linear address

XFON( cab, func ) Send DCC function ON to specific cab (eg coach lights) Not for Loco use - use FON instead!

XFOFF( cab, func ) Send DCC function OFF to specific cab (eg coach lights) Not for Loco use - use FON instead!

All the above “ON” commands are event handlers that trigger a sequence of commands to run when the event occurs. These can vary from the most basic tasks such as setting signals when turnouts are closed or thrown, to triggering complete automation sequences via a DCC accessory decoder.