Full Site Table of Contents

Indexed Pages

• Home
• Products
  • DCC-EX Product Overview (Product Overview)
  • Getting Started with DCC-EX (Getting Started)
  • EX-CommandStation
    • The DCC-EX EX-CommandStation - Overview (EX-CommandStation Overview)
    • EX-CSB1 CommandStation/Booster 1 Express (EX-CSB1 CommandStation/Booster 1 Express)
    • Build configuration (config.h) (Configuration (config.h))
    • Wifi configuration
      (Excluding EX-CSB1 or ESP32 v5.7.0+) (Configure WiFi (Wifi Shield))
    • WiFi configuration
      (EX-CSB1 or ESP32 ONLY. v5.7.0+ ONLY) (Configure WiFi (CSB1 & ESP32 v5.7.0+))
    • Testing your EX-CommandStation
    • TrackManager
      • TrackManager
      • EX-CSB1 in DCC Booster Mode (Booster)
    • Loco Programming
      • Programming DCC locos (Programming Overview)
      • Programming using Serial commands (Serial Programming)
      • Programming with EX-WebThrottle (EX-WebThrottle Programming)
      • Programming with Engine Driver (Engine Driver Programming)
      • Programming with EX-Toolbox (EX-Toolbox Programming)
      • Using JMRI DecoderPro (Decoderpro)
    • Running a Legacy DC layout (Running a DC layout)
    • Accessories
      • Overview - What are Accessories? (Accessories)
      • Actuators - to make stuff happen (Actuators)
      • Sensors
      • Connecting a servo turnout/point (Servo Turnouts/Points)
      • Hardware device list (Hardware List)
      • I2C (I²C)
        • I2C (I²C) – An Introduction (I2C (I²C) Intro)
        • Buying I2C (I²C) Devices
        • I2C Displays (I2C (I²C) Displays)
        • I2C GPIO Expanders (I2C (I²C) GPIO Expanders)
        • I2C Servo and LED Module (I2C (I²C) Servo/LED modules)
        • I2C Multiplexers (I2C (I²C) Multiplexers)
        • Various Devices
          • Sounds
            • Sounds
            • DFPlayer Sound player (DFPlayer)
            • Serial connected DFPlayer (Serial DFPlayer)
            • I2C Connected DFPlayer (I2C DFPlayer)
            • UDP Audio Driver for DCC-EX (WaveShare)
          • DS1307 Real Time clock chip (DS1307)
    • EXRAIL
      • What is EXRAIL?
      • EXRAIL Objects - An Introduction (Objects Introduction)
      • EXRAIL Sequences - An Introduction (Sequences Introduction)
      • Virtual Bitmap device pins (VPINs) (Vpins)
      • EXRAIL Full Command List (Command List)
      • Cookbooks
        • EXRAIL Cookbooks (Cookbooks)
        • Editing Tips & tricks
          • General EXRAIL Tips
          • Multiple Files in EXRAIL
          • Maintaining multiple EX-CommandStations
          • Naming sequences for easy commands
          • Using CALL and RETURN
          • Using C++ Macros
        • Buttons and Switches
        • DC Track Control
        • Emergency stop button
        • Roster for Similar Sound Locos
        • Route button control
        • Time Control
        • Advanced
          • Display Loco speeds on OLED (Advanced) (Display Locos On Oled)
          • Display Track Status on OLED (Display Track Status)
          • Analog sensors
          • Command Filters
          • Passing locos between sequences
          • Building a speed test track
        • Big picture
          • Big Picture EXRAIL Examples
          • How it All Works Together
          • Stage 1 - Running a Train
          • Stage 2 - Adding a Roster
          • Stage 3 - Turnouts/Points, Accessories, Sensors & Blocks
          • Stage 4 - Automation
          • Stage 5 - Turntables & Traversers
          • Stage 6 - Putting it all Together
        • Driving trains
          • Basic driving functions (Basic)
          • Loco Functions (Functions)
          • Automations
          • Simple Shuttle
          • Improved Shuttle
          • Passing loop shuttle (Passing Loop)
          • Saving and Restoring speeds (Save Restore)
          • Random Selection
          • Consists / Multiple Unit (MU) Trains (Consists)
          • Controlling trains and decoders directly (Advanced)
        • Flags and latches
          • Flags, Counters and Bitmaps
          • Latches
          • Using STASH to remember where locos are parked
        • Neopixels
          • NeoPixel support
          • Setting neopixels
        • Signals
          • Signal basics
          • LED signals
          • Neopixel signals
          • Signals with flashing (Flashing Signals)
          • Semaphore (servo) Signals (Semaphore signals)
          • DCC Signals
        • Sounds
          • Controlling Sounds in EXRAIL
        • Startup
          • Things that happen at startup (Automatic start)
          • Startup power (Power)
          • Startup - Define Tracks (Track state)
        • Turnouts
          • Defining Dcc Turnouts/Points
          • Defining Pin Turnouts/Points
          • Defining Servo Turnouts/Points
          • Facing Turnouts/Points
          • Animated Turnouts/Points
          • Toggle Turnouts/Points With Button or Sensor (Toggle With Button)
        • Various devices
          • Lew's Duino Gear boards
          • I2C Multiplexors
          • MCP23017, PCA955x and TCA955x devices
          • TCA8418 keyboard scanner
          • TM1638 Buttons, leds and 7 segment display
          • Trainbrains Devices
          • XL9535 Relay Board
  • EX‑MotorShield8874 (EX-MotorShield8874)
  • EX-WiFiShield 8266 (EX-WiFiShield8266)
  • EX-WebThrottle - Overview (EX-WebThrottle)
  • EX-Toolbox
    • EX-Toolbox - Overview (EX-Toolbox Overview)
    • Installing EX-Toolbox (Installation Guide)
    • Connecting EX-Toolbox to your EX-CommandStation (Connecting)
    • EX-Toolbox User Guide (User Manual)
  • EX-FastClock (DIY)
    • EX-FastClock (EX-FastClock Overview)
    • Hardware
    • Calibration
    • Installation
    • Configuration
    • Operation
    • Time Control
  • EX-IOExpander (EX-IOExpander (DIY))
  • EX-Turntable (DIY)
    • EX-Turntable - Overview (EX-Turntable Overview)
    • Purchasing
    • Assembly & Setup
    • Testing, Tuning, and Control (Testing, Tuning & Control)
    • Layout Connections and Wiring (Layout Connections & Wiring)
    • Configuration Options
    • EX-Turntable FAQ and Troubleshooting (FAQ & Troubleshooting)
    • Traversers and Limited Rotation Turntables (Traversers & Limited Rotation Turntables)
  • EX-SensorCAM (DIY)
    • EX-SensorCAM (EX-SensorCAM Overview)
    • Installation Guide
    • EX-SensorCAM Manual (User Manual)
    • Native EX-SensorCAM Command List (Command Reference)
    • EX-SensorCAM Abridged Manual (Manual Abridged)
  • EX-DCCInspector (DCC Inspector (DIY))
• Purchase
  • Official DCC-EX Suppliers (Official Sellers)
  • Third Party Products and Sellers (Third Party Sellers)
  • DCC-EX Merchandise (Merchandise)
• or  Self Build
  • Build Your Own Command Station (Build Your Own)
  • Selecting a Power Supply
  • Easy build - Arduino Mega + EX-8874 (Easy Build - Arduino Mega + EX-8874)
  • Alternative build - Arduino Mega + Arduino Motor Shield (Harder Build - Arduino Mega + Arduino Motor Shield)
  • Complex Build - Nucleo (Complex Build - Nucleo)
  • Complex Build - ESP32 (Complex Build - ESP32)
  • Optionally install Wifi (Optional WiFi)
  • Optionally install Ethernet (Optional Ethernet)
  • Installing EX-CommandStation firmware (Installing Software)
  • DIY - Other devices (Other Devices)
• Install
  • EX-Installer
  • First Run installer (First Run)
  • Select Product to Install (Select A Product)
  • Installing EX-CommandStation Software (Install EX-CommandStation)
  • Install EX-IOExpander
  • Install EX-Turntable (Install EX-Turntable
    )
  • Download EX-Installer
    • Linux
    • Mac
    • Windows
  • Testing your installation With EX-Installer (Test Your Installation
    )
  • Advanced Users - VSCode/PlatformIO (Advanced Users - VSC/PlatformIO)
• Use (Throttles)
  • Throttles
    • Throttles and Other Controllers (Throttle Lists)
    • Some Recommended Throttles
      • EX-WebThrottle (EX-WebThrottle (Web))
      • Engine Driver (Engine Driver (Android))
      • ThrottleCard (ThrottleCard (iOS))
    • WiThrottle Protocol VS DCC-EX Native/Serial Commands (WiThrottle VS Native Protocol)
  • Loco Programming
• Enhance
  • Enhancing & Expanding EX‑CommandStation (Enhancing your EX-CommandStation)
• News
  • DCC-EX News
• Support
  • Frequently Answered Questions (FAQ) (Frequently Answered Questions)
  • Help and Support (Getting Support)
  • The DCC-EX Discord Server (Discord)
  • Raising GitHub Issues (Github)
• Reference
  • Full Site Table of Contents (Table of Contents)
  • Glossary of Terms
  • Serial/Native Commands
    • DCC-EX Serial Command Basics (Serial Command Basics)
    • DCC-EX Serial Command List (DCC-EX Command List)
    • DCC-EX Command Protocol
    • Legacy Command Reference
  • EXRAIL Command List
  • Advanced config.h settings for EX-CommandStation build (Advanced config.h Options)
  • TrackManager
    • TrackManager
    • DC Mode - PWM Frequency (DC Mode Frequency)
    • DC Mode - Logic Gate Circuits (DC Mode Logic)
    • DC Mode Track Sync (DC Track Sync)
  • EX-CommandStation Internal Architecture (Command Station Internal Architecture)
  • Throttle Writers Guide (doc incomplete) (Throttle Writers Guide)
  • Alternate Microcontrollers
    • EX-CSB1
      • EX-CSB1 FAQ
      • EX-CSB1 Technical Reference
    • ESP32
      • WeMos D1 R32 + EX8874
      • Acebott + EX8874
      • Keyestudio IOT ESP32 PLUS Development Board + EX8874 (Keyestudio + EX8874)
      • ESP32 + L298 Shields
    • Nucleo
      • Nucleo - USB Drivers
      • Nucleo - STLink Firmware
      • Nucleo - Debug
      • Nucleo - Power
      • Nucleo 64 - EX8874
      • Nucleo 64 - WiFi and Pins
      • Nucleo 144 - EX8874
      • Nucleo 144 - WiFi
      • Nucleo 144 - Pins
  • Other Hardware
    • Untitled
    • Bluetooth devices
      • Bluetooth Devices
    • Ethernet boards
      • Ethernet Boards
    • Hal
      • I/O Device Drivers and HAL
      • HAL Device Templates
      • Writing a HAL Driver
    • Motorboards
      • L298P & L298HN Shields (L298 Shields)
      • Schematics
    • Wifi boards
      • WiFi Boards
  • Wiring
    • i2C
      • I2C (I²C) Wiring for the Tinkerer (I2C Wiring)
      • Tuning an I2C (I²C) Bus for the Engineer (Tuning Information)
  • External References
    • Standards and Technical References (Standards & Technical References)
• About Us
  • About the DCC-EX Project (About DCC-EX)
  • DCC++ VS DCC-EX? - Project History (History)
  • Licence & Attributions (
    Licence & Attribution)
• Donate / Contribute
  • How Can I Contribute? (How You Can Contribute)
  • Donations (Donate)
  • Contributing to the public domain code (Contributing Code)
  • Contributing Documentation
    • Contributing to Documentation
    • Documentation Standards
    • Formatting Guide
    • Understanding Links
    • Using Our Logos
    • Working With MkDocs
    • Mermaid Diagrams
  • Release Checklist
  • User Personas and Journeys - Front Page Tiles (User Journeys)
  • TODO Report (To-Do/Task List)

Pages Not In Navigation

• </ FREEALL|[RESERVE|FREE «section»]>
  Reserve or Free Sections
• </ «colour» «signal»>
  Set signal colour
• <= [«trackletter» «mode»] [«id»]>
  Request or Configure Track Manager (_equals)
• <^ «loco»|[«leadLoco» «follower» [ «follower2..7»]]>
  Manage EX-CommandStation Consists/MUs
• <A «address» «value»>
<a «address» [«subAddr»]|[«activate» [«onOff»]]>
  Instruct Accessory Decoders
• <C RAILCOM ON|OFF>
  Enable/Disable Railcom Cutout
• <C WIFI ON|OFF|AP|HIDDENAP|TEMP|DEFAULT|HOSTNAME [«various parameters»]>
  Setup WiFi (EX-CSB1 & ESP32, v5.7.0 ONLY)
• <cmd SPEED128|SPEED28>
  Set DCC speed commands number of steps
• <cmd «required parameter» [«optional parameter»]>
  Short command description
• <D ACK LIMIT|MAX|MIN|OFF|ON [«value» [MS]]>
<C PROGBOOST>
  Modify System PROG track settings
• <D ANIN «vpin»>
<D ANOUT «vpin» «position» [«profile»]>
  Manage VPINs analogue values
• <D CMD|EXRAIL|ETHERNET|WIT|WEBSOCKET|RAILCOM|LCN ON|OFF>
  Enable/Disable Various Diagnostic Messages
• <D HAL SHOW|RESET>
  List or Reset the HAL Devices
• <D SERVO «vpin» «position» [«profile»]>
  Servo Motor Testing
• <D WIFI ON|OFF|SHOW>
  WiFi diagnostics
• <E> <e> <D EPROM [«numEntries»]>
  Manage EEPROM (Arduino Mega Only)
• <F «loco» [«function» «state»]|[DCCFREQ «freqValue»]>
  Set decoder functions or set PWM frequency
• <I [«id»] [«various parameters»]>
<D TT «vpin» «steps» [«activity]>
<J O [«id»]>   <J P «id»>
  Manage Turntables
• <J A [«id»]>
</ [START|PAUSE|RESUME|KILL] [«various parameters»]>
  List, Start or Stop Automations/Sequences
• <J C [«mmmm» [«nn»]]>
  Get/Set the Fastclock Time
• <J M [«various parameters»]>
  Manage Stash Values
• <J R [«id»]>
  Request Roster info
• <m LINEAR|POWER|[«loco» «momentum»|«accelerating» [«braking»]]>
  Set the server based momentum
• <N Q|[«cmd» «value»]>
  List SensorCAM Defines or Execute Commands
• <o «vpin» [«count»]|[«r» «g» «b» [«count»]]>
  Set Neopixels
• <Q>   <S «id» [«vpin» «pullup»>]
  Manage Sensors
• <R [«cv»|LOCOID|CONSIST]>
<r «loco» «cv»>
<W [«loco»]|[«cv» «value»]|[«loco» «cv» «bitValue» «bit»]|[CONSIST «loco» [REVERSE]]>
<V [«cv» «value»]|[«cv» «bit» «bitValue»]>
<B «cv» «bit» «bitValue»>
<b «loco» «cv» «bit» «bitValue»>
  Read and write CVs
• <s>   <#>
<C RESET> <D RESET>
  Query or Reset the EX-CommandStation
• <T [«id»] [«various parameters»]>
<J T [«id»]>
  Define or manage Turnouts/Points
• <t «loco» [«tSpeed» «direction»]>
  Request or set loco status
• <y «vpin» EQ|FOLDER|PAUSE|PLAY|REPEAT|RESET|RESUME|STOP|VOL [«various parameters»]>
  Play DF Player sounds
• <Z [«id» [«pin» «iFlag»]|«active»]]>
<z [«signedVpin»]|[«vpin» «analogue» [[«profile»] [«duration»]]]>
  Manage pin/vpin outputs
• <! [P|Q|R]>
  Emergency Stop (ESTOP) or Pause
• <1|0 [«track»]>
  Turn track power on or off
• Android apps on Windows & macOS
• Connecting WiFi Throttles via USB
• Connecting WiFi Throttles via USB
• Engine Driver - Adding a Physical Dial/Knob
• Engine Driver - Features when using the Native Protocol
• Example - Full automation with pin based turnouts and signals on Mega2560 direct I/O pins
• Example - Full automation with pin based turnouts/points and signals on MCP23017 I/O expander Vpins
• Example - Full automation with servo based turnouts/points and signals with a PCA9685 servo module
• Example - ROUTEs with DCC accessory turnouts and signals on Mega2560 direct I/O pins
• Example - ROUTEs with servo based turnouts/signals on a PCA9685 servo module
• Example - ROUTEs with turnouts/signals on MCP23017 I/O expander Vpins
• Example - ROUTEs with turnouts/signals on Mega2560 direct I/O pins
• Example - Turntable and traverser ROUTEs
• Example - Turntable ROUTEs
• Incorrect IOREF voltage for 3.3v Microcontrollers
• Using a Serial Monitor / Device Monitor
• WiFi Configuration for version 5.7.0+
  Graphical User Interface Options